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Friday, December 17, 2010

Simple trick to be successful in listenning English

Listenning skill is one of the most difficult among all other English learning skill because it gives you the least time for your brain to process.
Speakers never stop and let you understand word by word before moving on to the next sentence.If they do the conversation is going to take a whole day.
Moreover, there are hundreds different English pronunciation around the world. Even people in the same countries who speak the same language have different pronunciation.
It is normal that American people from the north do not fully understand those from the south. The way of life, climate and everything all impact pronunciation.

So, how do you overcome those? How can you understand when people speak English? Well, it is not that difficult.
This article is not telling you to practice hard, listen to the conversation tape or watch hundreds of Hollywood movie. Those are the things that you need to do anyway and already described in other English learning articles.
This article will tell you one simple trick that will help you live in any English speaking environment happily. The secret is that.
Do not blame yourself.
Many ESL thought they don't understand native English speakers because their skill is not good enough. This may or may not be true but it is surely not a good attitude.
It will discourage you and destroy your confidence. Sometimes, those natives just speak too fast and that even the natives themselves do not understand them. Sometimes, they do not truely understand the topic or they feel nervous so they can't produce understandable sentences. Have you ever experience that when you talk to anybody in your own mother tongue language? I am sure you do.
Now, you realize that it's not your fault. Just keep thinking that "they speak too fast" or "what are they talking about?" NOT "oh I don't understand them at all" or "will they know my English is poor?"
After you have positive attitude, the next step is easy. You just simply ask a kind of sentences below.
"Excuse me. Can you repeat it again?"
"It is very noisy here. Can you speak slowly please?"
"Sorry I can't catch your word"
Clearly, the sentences above blame the others but you. At this point, 99% of the speakers realize something wrong with them and they will speak again in the new way to try to make you understand.
Again, the learning part is another story here. You may have to search for the meaning of vocabularies or do more practices later but just never lose confidence to ask speakers to repeat the sentences, when you don't understand.
Remember, it is not your fault.


Monday, December 13, 2010

BUSINESS ENGLISH-INVESTMENT - STOCK MARKET Vocabulary


INVESTMENT - STOCK MARKET
Vocabulary
  Bid
  The price a buyer is willing to offer for shares in a company.

  Blue Chip Stocks
  Stocks of leading companies with a reputation for stable growth and earnings.
  Bond
  Certificate issued by companies and governments to its lenders.
  Capital
  Money and other property of companies used in transacting the business.
  Capital stock
  All shares representing ownership of a company.
  Commodities
  Products such as agricultural products and natural resources (wood, oil and metals)
  that are traded on a separate, authorized commodities exchange.
  Dividend
  A portion of a company's earnings which is paid to the shareholders/stockholders
  on a quarterly or annual basis.
  Equity
  The value of stocks and shares;  the net value of mortgaged property.
  Equities
  Stocks and shares which represent a portion of the capital of a company.
  Futures
  Contracts to buy or sell securities at a future date.
  Insider
  All those who have access to inside information concerning the company.
  Insider dealing/trading
  Buying or selling with the help of information know only to those connected with the
  business.
  IPO
  Initial Public Offering - selling part of a company on the stock market.
  Issue
  Put into circulation a number of a company's shares for sale.
  Liabilities
  The debts and obligations of a company or an individual.
  Mortgage
  Agreement by which a bank or building society lends money for the purchase of property,
  such as a house or apartment. The property is the security for the loan.
  Mutual fund
  Savings fund that uses cash from a pool of savers to buy securities such as stock,
  bonds and real estate.
  Option
  The right to buy and sell certain securities at a specified price and period of time.
  Par value
  Nominal face value.
  Penny stock
  Shares selling at less than $1 a share.
  Portfolio
  Various types of securities held by an individual or institution.
  Securities
  Transferable certificates showing ownership of stock, bonds, shares, options, etc.
  Share
  The capital of a company is divided into shares which entitle the owner, or shareholder,
  to a proportion of the profits.

  Share certificate
  Certificate representing the number of shares owned by an investor.
  Shareholder
  Owner of shares.
  Speculator
  Someone who buys and sells stocks and shares in the hope of making a profit through
  changes in their value.
  Stock
  Shares (portion of the capital of a business company) held by an investor.
  Stockbroker
  A licensed professional who buys and sells stocks and shares for clients
  in exchange for a fee, called a 'commission'.
  Stockholder
  Person who owns stocks and shares.
  Trader
  Investor who holds stocks and securities for a short time (minutes, hours or days)
  with the objective of making profit from short-term gains in the market.
  Investment is generally based on stock price rather than evaluation of the company.
  Trading session
  Period during which the Stock Exchange is open for trading.
  Venture capital
  Money raised by companies to finance new ventures in exchange for percentage
  ownership.
  Yield
  Return on investment shown as a percentage.



Wednesday, November 17, 2010

Conditionals

What are conditionals in English grammar? Sometimes we call them 'if clauses'. They describe the result of something that might happen (in the present or future) or might have happened but didn't (in the past) . They are made using different English verb tenses.
There are four kinds:
The Zero Conditional:
(if + present simple, ... present simple)
If you heat water to 100%, it boils.
We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'):
  • If + present simple, .... present simple.
This conditional is used when the result will always happen. So, if water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils. It's a fact. I'm talking in general, not about one particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main cluase.
The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced by 'when' without changing the meaning.
For example: If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. (It is always true, there can't be a different result sometimes). If I eat peanuts, I am sick. (This is true only for me, maybe, not for everyone, but it's still true that I'm sick every time I eat peanuts)
Here are some more examples:
  • If people eat too much, they get fat.
  • If you touch a fire, you get burned.
  • People die if they don't eat.
  • You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
  • Snakes bite if they are scared
  • If babies are hungry, they cry

The First Conditional:
(if + present simple, ... will + infinitive)
If it rains tomorrow, we'll go to the cinema.

The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future simple in the other clause:
  • if + present simple, ... will + infinitive
It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.
  • If it rains, I won't go to the park.
  • If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
  • If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
  • She'll be late if the train is delayed.
  • She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
  • If I see her, I'll tell her.
First vs. Zero Conditional
The first describes a particular situation, whereas the zero conditional describes what happens in general.

For example (zero conditional): if you sit in the sun, you get burned (here I'm talking about every time a person sits in the sun - the burning is a natural consequence of the sitting)

But (first conditional): if you sit in the sun, you'll get burned (here I'm talking about what will happen today, another day might be different)


The Second Conditional:
(if + past simple, ... would + infinitive)
If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.

The second conditional uses the past simple after if, then 'would' and the infinitive:
  • if + past simple, ...would + infinitive
(We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and 'we'. It's strange, but correct!)
It has two uses.
First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some dream for example.
  • If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.(I probably won't win the lottery)
  • If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.
  • She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
  • She would pass the exam if she ever studied.(She never studies, so this won't happen)
Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have a look at the examples:
  • If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).
  • If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.
How is this different from the first conditional?
This kind of conditional sentence is different from the first conditional because this is a lot more unlikely.

For example (second conditional): If I had enough money I would buy a house with twenty bedrooms and a swimming pool (I'm probably not going to have this much money, it's just a dream, not very real)

But (first conditional): If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes (It's much more likely that'll have enough money to buy some shoes)

The Third Conditional
(if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)
If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.


We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence:
  • if + past perfect, ...would + have + past participle
It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
  • If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass)
  • If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).
  • If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane
  • She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier
  • She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university
  • He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine


Friday, November 12, 2010

Best Wishes Phrases

Good luck, good health, hood cheer. I wish you a happy New Year.
 
With best wishes for a happy New Year! 
 
I hope you have a most happy and prosperous New Year.
 
With the compliments of the season.
 
May the season's joy fill you all the year round.
 
Season's greetings and best wishes for the New Year.
 
Please accept my season's greetings.
 
To wish you joy at this holy season. Wishing every happiness will always be
with you.
 
Good health, good luck and much happiness throughout the year.
 
May the joy and happiness around you today and always.
 
Please accept my sincere wishes for the New Year. I hope you will continue
to enjoy good health.
 
Allow me to congratulate you on the arrival of the New Year and to extend to
you all my best wishes for your perfect health and lasting prosperity.
 
Best wishes for the holidays and happiness throughout the New Year.
 
With very best wishes for your happiness in the New Year.
 
Please accept our wishes for you and yours for a happy New Year.
 
May the coming New Year bring you joy, love and peace.
 
Wishing you happiness during the holidays and throughout the New Year.
 
A happy New Year to you.
 
Season's greetings and sincere wishes for a bright and happy New Year!
 
I give you endless brand-new good wishes. Please accept them as a new
remembrance of our lasting friendship.
 
Good luck and great success in the coming New Year.
 
On the occasion of the New Year, may my wife and I extend to you and yours
our warmest greetings, wishing you a happy New Year, your career greater
success and your family happiness.
 
May everything beautiful and best be condensed into this card. I sincerely
wish you happiness, cheerfulness and success.

Wednesday, November 10, 2010

Funny New Messages in Windows 7

The following are new messages that Microsoft have introduced with Windows 7:
  1. This will end your Windows 7 session. Do you want to play another game?
  2. Kennel stack overflow problem.  Your new Patch is now available.  Call at the vet's and collect your dog.
  3. BREAKFAST.SYS halted... Cereal port not responding.
  4. Suggested Action.  Emigrate.
  5. Upon completion of this investigation, Microsoft will take action to help solve your problem.  This will involve remote execution of the user.
  6. The media is corrupt.  Therefore, don't read the manual - bribe a reporter.
  7. Windows Update Service Problem.  Waitress is sick.
  8. A problem has been detected and Windows has been shut down to prevent damage to your computer.  Smash forehead on keyboard to continue.
  9. Path not found.  Try the grass shortcut.
  10. An operations error occurred. Enter any 11-digit prime number to continue.
  11. Press any key to continue, or any other key to quit.
  12. Press any key except... no, No, NO, NOT THAT ONE!
  13. Press Ctrl-Alt-Del now for IQ test.
  14. Windows 7 object doesn't support this property or method. Close your eyes and press escape three times.
  15. Bad command or file name!  Go stand in the corner.
  16. User Error: Replace user.
  17. No network provider accepted the given network path.  In plain English, we have not got a clue what's wrong.
  18. Windows 7 message: "Error saving file! Format drive now? (Y/Y)"
  19. 'Known issue' - it's just the solution that is unknown.
  20. This network connection does not exist, and neither does any help.
  21. This is a message from God Gates: "Rebooting the world. Please log off." 
  22. Object already non-existent. Are you sure you still want to delete?  (N/N)
  23. The network location cannot be reached. To 'shutdown' your system, type 'WIN.'
  24. COFFEE.SYS missing... Insert cup in cup holder and press any key.
  25. CONGRESS.SYS corrupted... Re-boot Washington D.C? (Y/N)
  26. File not found. Should I fake it? (Y/N)
  27. Bad or missing mouse. Spank the cat? (Y/N)
  28. Runtime Error 6D at 417A:32CF: Incompetent User.
  29. Error reading FAT record: Try the SKINNY one? (Y/N)
  30. Windows7_error 16547: LPT1 not found. Use backup. (PENCIL & PAPER.SYS)
  31. Workaround.  The workaround does not work, but it makes us fell better to include it.
  32. Windows VirusScan 1.0 - 'Windows7 found: Remove it? (Y/N)'
  33. Welcome to Microsoft's World - Your Mortgage is Past Due...
  34. If you are an artist, you should know that Bill Gates owns you and all your future creations. Doesn't it feel nice to have security?
  35. Your hard drive has been scanned and all stolen software titles have been deleted. The police are on the way.
  36. We are reading your error report, but we are not understanding.
  37. Hold down the Numb Lock. Phone 555-1212-4590 and ask for Lulu.
  38. You can provide feedback by completing the form.  However, you are wasting your time because it goes to a sink account that we never read.
  39. Disclaimer: We would like to thank Bart Simpson, who had the least to do with these solutions and was therefore of the most help.

Friday, November 05, 2010

Talking about Taxes

"A fine is a tax for doing wrong. A tax is a fine for doing well."

tax - money paid to the government, which is based on your income or of the cost of goods or services you have bought

capital gains tax - tax on the profits made from selling something you own

 corporation tax - tax paid by businesses on their profits

direct tax - the money that a person must pay to the government themselves, such as income tax, rather than through someone else

indirect tax - a tax charged on goods and services rather than on money that people earn

 inheritance tax - a tax paid on money or property you have received from someone who has died

 road tax - annual tax on motor vehicles that use public roads

 sales tax - US a tax paid by people when they buy goods or services; value-added tax

 sin tax - (informal) a tax on items such as cigarettes, alcohol, gambling and other things which are considered unnecessary luxuries in life; luxury tax

 tax allowance - the amount of income on which you do not have to pay tax
 tax-deductible - a sum that can be taken away from the total amount of income you must pay tax on
 tax disc - a small round sign which you put in the corner of the front window of your car or other vehicle to show that you have paid the tax to use it
 tax evasion - ways of illegally paying less tax than you should
 tax exile - a wealthy person who lives outside his or her own country in order to minimise taxes
 tax haven - a place where people pay less tax than they would pay if they lived in their own country
 tax relief - the system of allowing someone not to pay tax on a part of their income
 tax return - a form supplied by the government body (taxation authority) for the citizens to file with them the details of their income, expense, deductions, etc thereby computing the tax liability, within a specified date of the year
 tax-exempt - not subject to tax by federal, state, and/or local authorities
 after-tax - an amount (usually income) after taxes have been subtracted
 before-tax income - income before taxes are deducted
 liable to tax - subject to tax
 tax bracket - the rate at which an individual is taxed
 flat tax – a system that taxes everyone at the same rate, regardless of their income bracket
 progressive tax - a tax that takes a larger percentage from the income of high-income people than it does from low-income people


Now we put new vocabulary into context, so you can see how you might use these terms yourself. The expressions are in boldface in the text.


 What do you earn after tax?

 Luxury tax is a tax placed on products or services that are deemed to be unnecessary or non-essential.

 Income and property taxes are good examples of direct taxes.

 Employers can deduct the total cost of the gift from their taxes, and employees don't have to declare the cost of the gift as part of their taxable income.

 A third of my income will go in tax.

 Tax brackets are set based on income levels; individuals with lower income levels are taxed at a lower rate than individuals with higher income levels.

 Supporters of a flat tax argue that it gives people incentive to earn more, because they wouldn't be penalized by graduating to a higher tax bracket.

 Most income taxes are considered progressive.

Apologizing in English

In English there are a few expressions used when apologizing to others.  There are times when we apologize to take responsibility for an act committed or to show empathy.  When an apology is given to show empathy;  it's because someone has experienced a great loss and an apology is a used in a effort to comfort the person on the receiving end. Now we are going to look at how to apologize in English and how to accept an apology.

Jamie was late meeting his dad David for dinner.  

Jamie:  I'm sorry I'm late, dad.  The highway was congested and when I arrived it was tough finding a parking spot. 

David:  I understand that the situation could not be helped, but you know it's rush hour.  You could have left a little earlier.  I left work early so that I could be here on time.

Jamie:  I am sorry!  I don't know what else to say.  I tried my best.

David:  Well, we lost our table.  When they are this busy they don't keep the reservation for longer than an hour past the time you are supposed to be here. 

Jamie:  I should have called. 

David:  I called and you did not answer your phone.  However, you are often late, Jamie.  You  need to work on being more punctual.

Jamie:  My phone didn't ring.  I did not get your call.  Can we just try to find another restaurant?

David: I'm up for that!

Now your turn! 

Use the expressions of apologizing and and responding to an apology to practice.

Expressions of Apology:

"I'm sorry."

"I apologize."

"I regret what has happened."

"I regret putting you in that situation."

Responses to Apology:
"I understand."

"I am sorry too."

"That's/It's okay."

"I accept your apology."

"No problem."

"Don't worry about it."

You:  I am sorry that I _________ ( broke your cup) use your own example .

Your Friend:  That's okay. _______ (I can replace it ) comment."



Wednesday, November 03, 2010

English through music - Chris De Burgh


Everywhere I Go
 Year Released: 2010
    
Everywhere I go,
Everywhere I go I see an image of her face,
She talks to me, 
She talks to me in a thousand ways;
 Everyone I know, 
Everyone I know is calling on the telephone,
“Are you ok, are you alright, 
‘cos you’re never at home?”
Well I couldn’t be better, 
I found my way,
She is an open door to a brand new day;
 Everywhere I go I see her face again,
Everywhere I look I see her smile and wave,
Everywhere I hear her voice is calling,
This time, I finally opened my eyes to a beautiful angel, 
Oh, who’s been caring for me like a mother for a child;
 Everywhere I go,
Everywhere I go I see the shadow of a light, 
It shines on me, it shines on me from another time;
 So many dark days, and lonely nights,
Until she found the way, to change my life;
 Everywhere I go I see her face again,
Everywhere I look I see her smile and wave,
Everywhere I hear her voice is calling,
This time, I finally opened my eyes!
 Everywhere I go I see her face again,
(Everywhere I go),
Everywhere I look I see her smile and wave,
(Everywhere I look),
Everywhere I hear her voice is calling,
This time, I finally opened my eyes, to my beautiful angel, 
Oh, who’s been caring for me like a mother for her child, 
Everywhere I go;
 This time, I finally opened my eyes,
Everywhere I go.